note of 11/14/2018

components of population Growth
natural increase
about 82 million people are added to the population of the world annually
more than 95 percent of the natural increase is clustered in developing countries
TFR for world is 2.5
TFR exceeds 5 in sub-saharan Africa, while 2 or less in nearly all European countries
Mortality
infant mortality Rate(IMR)
measure used by geographers to better understand death rates in a society
Defined as the annual number of deaths of infants under one year of age, compared with total live births
Usually expressed per 1000 births rather than a percentage
IMR is 5 in developing countries and 80 in sub-saharan Africa
Summary of spatial Patterns
Developed/developing countries
Lower/ higher rate of
Natural increase
crude birth
Total fertility
Infant mortality
population structure:
a special bar graph known as a population pyramid can
usually display a country's distinctive population structure
X-axis
percent male/female displayed to the left/right of zero
Y-axis
Age conorts typically grouped in 5-year interuals
Youngest displayed at bottom and oldest at the top
Dependency Ratio
Defined as te number of people who are too young or too old to work compared to the number of people in their productive years