note of 9/25/2018

maps shift from simply a tool that provides location reference to a tool used by geographers to communcate complex geographic phenomena.

scientific method pf transfering locations on earth's surface to a flat map is called projection.

Earth's spherical shape causes distortion when drawing it on a flat piece of paper

Four types of distortion

shape of an area can be distorted

distance between points may become increase or decrease

Geographic grid is a system of imaginary arcs drawn in a grid pattern on earth's surface.

Meridians are arcs drawn between the north and south poles each is numbered, according to a system known as longitude

parallels are arcs drawn parallel to the equator and at right angles to meridianns, each is numbered, accroding to a system known as latitude values range from 0 to 90 north or south

Further accuracy can be achieved by diving each degree into 60 minutes and each minute into 60 seconds

Earth as a sphere is divided into 360 of longitude.

divide 360 by 24 time zones (one for each hour of a day) equals 15

Greenwich at drime meridian (0 longitude)

Passes through Royal observatory at Greenwich, England

Master reference time for all points on earth